Sometimes things we encounter in the Bible are hard to understand without a bit of historical or cultural context. Reading through the Old Testament book of Ruth, we learn that Boaz is identified as a kinsman-redeemer of Naomi and Ruth. Although this isn’t a term we use in current times, understanding it will help us see how the idea of a kinsman-redeemer relates to us.
You may remember that Ruth, the impoverished Moabite, gleaned in Boaz’ fields to provide food for herself and her mother in law, Naomi. After Ruth reported how kindly she was treated by Boaz, Naomi encouraged her daughter in law to make a bold move, saying:
“Now Boaz, with whose women you have worked, is a relative of ours. Tonight he will be winnowing barley on the threshing floor. Wash, put on perfume, and get dressed in your best clothes. Then go down to the threshing floor, but don’t let him know you are there until he has finished eating and drinking. When he lies down, note the place where he is lying. Then go and uncover his feet and lie down. He will tell you what to do.”
Ruth willingly followed along with Naomi’s somewhat risky plan. Here’s what happened next:
“When Boaz had finished eating and drinking and was in good spirits, he went over to lie down at the far end of the grain pile. Ruth approached quietly, uncovered his feet and lay down. In the middle of the night something startled the man; he turned—and there was a woman lying at his feet! ‘Who are you?’ he asked.‘I am your servant Ruth,’ she said. ‘Spread the corner of your garment over me, since you are a guardian-redeemer of our family.’” (Ruth 3:2-4, 7-9, NIV)
Uncovering Boaz’ feet was an act of humility and submission for Ruth. By asking him to spread his garment over her, she was requesting his protection over her through marriage. While all of this may sound like ancient history, there is significant personal application for us today because as a kinsman redeemer, Boaz stands as precursor or “type” of Jesus.
“Through his actions, Boaz communicates Christ. His person and character illustrate the incredible hesed [love, goodness, kindness] that Christ possesses for his people, as well as, the great measures he is willing to take to redeem his bride. Though Ruth arrives at Boaz’s bed, empty-handed and humbled to the core, Boaz treats her with respect and kindness (3:10-13). Disgraced by her position and despised for her ethnicity, the young Moabite woman appears to have little to offer. Yet, despite all this, Boaz views her as a worthy woman (3:11). Though Ruth comes from a family that has turned their backs on the Lord, the Lord turns his face towards Ruth and reveals himself to her through Boaz. Boaz foreshadows Jesus Christ, the ultimate kinsman redeemer who will redeem a bride for himself—the church…Though Boaz redeemed the line of Elimelek, Jesus would come to redeem all the people of God. It was him to whom Boaz’s position pointed to, for in the person and work of Christ was found the true definition of kinsman-redeemer.”1
Boaz paid a high price financially and socially to redeem Ruth, bring her into his family, and make her his bride. In a similar but greater way, Jesus paid the ultimate price to redeem us from sin and death and to reconcile us with the Father by cleansing us of our sin: “But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us. Since we have now been justified by his blood, how much more shall we be saved from God’s wrath through him! For if, while we were God’s enemies, we were reconciled to him through the death of his Son, how much more, having been reconciled, shall we be saved through his life! Not only is this so, but we also boast in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received reconciliation.” (Romans 5:8-11, NIV)
Just as Boaz redeemed Ruth and Naomi, Jesus redeems those who place their faith in Him and lavishes them with His love and grace: “Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in the heavenly realms with every spiritual blessing in Christ. For he chose us in him before the creation of the world to be holy and blameless in his sight. In love he predestined us for adoption to sonship through Jesus Christ, in accordance with his pleasure and will— to the praise of his glorious grace, which he has freely given us in the One he loves. In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins, in accordance with the riches of God’s grace that he lavished on us. With all wisdom and understanding,” (Ephesians 1:3-7, NIV)
Through Christ, we gain direct access to God and all the blessings that come with it. We transition from being outsiders to members of God’s family:“Remember that at that time you were separate from Christ, excluded from citizenship in Israel and foreigners to the covenants of the promise, without hope and without God in the world. But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far away have been brought near by the blood of Christ.” (Ephesians 2:12-13, NIV)
Because of Boaz, Ruth’s status changed dramatically–she ascended from being a poverty-stricken outcast to a beloved wife. She was grafted into the most esteemed family tree among the Israelites–the line that would produce Jesus, the Messiah and King of Kings. Like Ruth, our status changes dramatically when we accept Christ. Let’s rejoice in having a kinsman-redeemer who delivers us from a life of spiritual poverty and gives us a new identity as chosen, accepted, and beloved members of God’s family.
Listen to the lyrics of “My Story” by Big Daddy Weave and praise God for how they fit both the story of Ruth and Boaz and the story of Jesus and those who put their faith in Him.
1. Stephanie van Eyk, “The Ultimate Kinsman Redeemer” https://www.ligonier.org/blog/ultimate-kinsman-redeemer/
Nicki Koziarz, A Woman Who Doesn’t Quit, Lifeway Press, 2018.