To people with an appreciation for good grammar, a book title like Finding I Am may provoke them to pull out a red pen to suggest corrections. However, to those who recognize “I Am” as a name for God in Scripture, it makes more sense. Lysa TerKeurst’s Bible study Finding I Am: How Jesus Fully Satisfies the Cry of Your Heart is based on Jesus’ “I am” statements in the gospel of John. To grasp the significance of the title, it’s important to understand the weightiness of the phrase “I am.”
The Jews in the New Testament reacted strongly when Jesus used this name to identify Himself:
“Very truly I tell you,” Jesus answered, “before Abraham was born, I am!” At this, they picked up stones to stone him, but Jesus hid himself, slipping away from the temple grounds.” (John 8:58-59, NIV)
The Jews of Jesus’ time understood the significance of the phrase “I am” in a way not all of us do today. It was such a holy name that they wanted to stone Him as a blasphemer for speaking it aloud and using it to refer to Himself.
To understand the name, we need to look back to the Old Testament. The Israelites had emigrated to Egypt from Canaan during a severe famine. Jacob, who had been re-named “Israel” by God, was the patriarch of the family. Along with his eleven grown sons and their wives and children, Jacob had arrived in Egypt at the invitation of his son, Joseph, who had risen to a position of honor and power there. (This is the same Joseph that received the coat of many colors from his father and that was sold into slavery by his brothers when he was a teenager. His story is in Genesis 37, 39, 40-50). The Israelites first arrived in Egypt as a large, extended family of about seventy people. The Egyptians also called them Hebrews.
After Joseph’s death, life for the Israelites began to deteriorate as new Pharaohs that didn’t know him came to power. Feeling threatened by the growing numbers of Hebrews, the Egyptians eventually enslaved them and began slaughtering their newborn boys. They feared the increasing Israelite population, believing they would grow too powerful and would eventually turn against Egypt.
Exodus chapters 1 & 2 describe the birth of Moses, the Hebrew child who was spared from death, hidden in a basket in the Nile, found by Pharaoh’s daughter, and raised as a prince in the palace until the age of forty. Our story begins when Moses was eighty years old and had been living as a shepherd in Midian for forty humbling years. He first encountered God when he approached a burning bush in the wilderness while tending his flocks. A voice from the fire spoke to Moses and identified Himself as the God of his forefathers. The Lord told him to return Egypt to free the Israelites from their 400 years of slavery. Obviously, Moses had a few reservations about what God was asking him to do:
Moses said to God, “Suppose I go to the Israelites and say to them, ‘The God of your fathers has sent me to you,’ and they ask me, ‘What is his name?’ Then what shall I tell them?”
God said to Moses, “I am who I am. This is what you are to say to the Israelites: ‘I am has sent me to you.’ God also said to Moses, ‘Say to the Israelites, ‘The Lord, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob—has sent me to you. This is my name forever, the name you shall call me from generation to generation.’” (Exodus 3:13b-15, NIV)
God identified Himself using the name I AM WHO I AM, also shortened to I AM. The Hebrew translation for this name is Yahweh (pronounced YA WAY). Later, this name was transliterated into a Latin version of the name: “Jehovah,” which means “the self-existent one.” By calling Himself I AM, God revealed that He had no beginning and will have no end. Because it is considered a holy name, it would never have been written with vowels but instead would have been written YHWH. Jews considered the name so holy, they would not speak it out loud, but would substitute the name Adonai, which means “Lord,” in its place. Anytime you see “LORD” in all capitals in your Bible, it is translated from the name I AM. When you see “Lord” with lower case letters, it is the translation of Adonai.
So, for Jesus to speak the name “I Am” aloud and to use it to identify Himself was incredibly impactful to the Jews. The ones in the passage above saw it as blasphemy and wanted to put Him to death for using it. Others bowed before them when they realized He was the promised Messiah prophesied in the Old Testament.
The “I Am” statements Jesus makes throughout the book of John reveal different qualities about Him and tie to significant symbols from the Hebrew Scriptures. I love seeing how the New Testament fulfills and completes the Old Testament and can’t wait to unpack some of the specific places highlighted in Lysa TerKeurst’s study over the next few weeks.
Mark Schultz’s song “I Am” beautifully captures the significance of the name in both parts of the Bible. Click on the link and listen!
Lysa TerKeurst, Finding I Am: How Jesus Fully Satisfies the Cry of Your Heart, Lifeway Press, 2016.